Grammar STD X New Course

Unit 1

1. Spot the error and correct the following sentences.
(a) My grandparents laid down for an afternoon nap.
My grandparents lay down for an afternoon nap.
(b) A stranger were knocking at our door.
A stranger was knocking at our door.
(c) My sister and I shares a study room.
My sister and I share a study room.
(d) One of my friend, is leaving school.
One of my friends, is leaving school.
(e) A flock of birds were flying overhead.
A flock of birds was flying overhead.
2. Rewrite the sentences as per instructions given along with.
(a) I took the baby langur to our backyard.
 (Rewrite the sentence in the Past Perfect Tense)
I had taken the baby langur to our backyard.
(b) She simply sat there quietly.
 (Rewrite the sentence in the Present Continuous Tense)
She is simply sitting there quietly.
(c) The mother langur looked straight into my eyes.
 (Rewrite the sentence in the Simple Present Tense)
The mother langur looks straight into my eyes.
(d) She surveyed the area for the vicious male langur.
 (Rewrite the sentence in the Simple Future Tense)
She will survey the area for the vicious male langur.


3. Underline the gerund/present participles/infinitive.
(a) Setting (gerund) goal may appear easy, but it is quite challenging (present participle).
(b) Quantifying (present participle) goals provide specific ways to track (infinitive) progress.
(c) It is important to create (infinitive) goals that are within a current skill set or area of expertise.
(d) We need to bring   (infinitive) down life images down to earth and plan to execute our strategies.
(e) Finding the right footing, precisely mastering the skills and getting to the next place,all depend on how we approach and tackle the problem.

Unit 2

4. Complete the sentences given below using your own adjective clauses.
1 I know of a school boy who earns to learn.
2 I know the joke that you are telling.
3 I know of a doctor who treats patients free of cost.
4 I know of a place where we can feel extreme cold.
5 I know the reason why he didn't come to class.
5.  Rewrite the following sentences joining them with ‘when’, where’, ‘which’, ‘why’.
(a) Sitaram had a bundle of freshly pressed clothes. He balanced it on his head.

Sitaram had a bundle of freshly pressed clothes which he balanced on his head.

(b) A large shady tamarind tree grew at one end of the bazaar. Mr.Srivastava found her friend Mrs.Bhushan there.

A large shady tamarind tree grew at one end of the bazaar where Mrs.Srivastava found her friend Mrs.Bhushan .

(c) The Pipalnagar Bank has stopped paying employees.  It is about to collapse.

The Pipalnagar Bank has stopped paying employees when it is about to collapse.

(d)  He had finished his work. He sat down on the highest step.

When he had finished his work, he sat down on the highest step.

6. (A)Convert the following to Exclamatory sentences of the same meaning.
 (a) Dr Hawking is a very humble man.
What a humble man Dr Hawking is !
 (b) He was very clumsy.
How clumsy he was !
 (c) He was very simple and intelligent.
How simple and intelligent he was !
 (d) Courage is a truly wonderful thing.
What a wonderful thing courage is !




(B) Convert the following to Interrogative (Question) form.
 (1) The prognosis was bad.
Interrogative: Was the prognosis bad ?
Rhetorical question: Wasn't the prognosis bad?
 (2) Stephen decided to continue his research.
Did Stephen decide to continue his research ?
Didn't Stephen decide to continue his research ?
 (3) There are many people who display exemplary courage.
Are there many people who display exemplary ?
Aren't there many people who display exemplary ?
 (4) His mind would soar up into space, like light.
Would his mind sour up into space like light ?
Wouldn't his mind sour up into space like light ?

7 Rewrite the following sentences using ‘not only but also’ and ‘as well as’ in
2 seperate sentences.
(i) UNESCO and the International Council on monuments initiated a draft convention to create an international organisation responsible for protecting cultural heritage.

Not only UNESCO but also the International Council on monuments initiated a draft convention to create an international organisation responsible for protecting cultural heritage.

UNESCO  as well as the International Council on monuments initiated a draft convention to create an international organisation responsible for protecting cultural heritage.


(ii) The state parties are responsible for identifying and nominating new sites.

The state parties are responsible for not only identifying but also nominating new sites.

The state parties are responsible for identifying as well as nominating new sites.

(iii) Opera House in Australia and the Historic Center of Vienna in Austria are
cultural sites of World Heritage.

Not only Opera House in Australia but also the Historic Center of Vienna in Austria are cultural sites of World Heritage.

Opera House in Australia as well as the Historic Center of Vienna in Austria are
cultural sites of World Heritage.

(iv) World Heritage Sites can be a combination of both cultural and natural areas.

World Heritage Sites can be a combination of not only cultural but also natural areas.

World Heritage Sites can be a combination of  cultural as well as natural areas.

(v) To protect the temples and artifacts, UNESCO launched an international
campaign.

To protect not only the temples but also artifacts, UNESCO launched an international campaign.

To protect the temples as well as artifacts, UNESCO launched an international
campaign.

 8 Rewrite the following sentences replacing ‘as soon as’ by ‘No sooner than ’
(Note : The phrase, ‘No sooner’ must always be followed by an auxiliary
(helping verb).
For example : As soon as he came, they all gave an applause.
No sooner did he come than all gave an applause.
(a) As soon as the Bill is passed, it will become an Act.
No sooner is the Bill  passed than it will become an Act.
(b) As soon as the thief escaped, the family informed the police.
No sooner did the thief escape than the family informed the police.
(c) As soon as you have finished, you can submit your answer- papers.
No sooner have you finished than you can submit your answer- papers.
(d) As soon as they can manage, they should change their house.
No sooner can they manage than they should change their house.
(e) As soon as the bell will ring, the School Assembly will start.
No sooner will the bell ring than the School Assembly will start

Figures of Speech STD X
Grammar STD X Part-2
Interview of Sunita Williams
Speech: How to achieve success.