Interchange Assertive into Interrogative and vice versa

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For ICSE Board Std 10
While interchanging assertive into interrogative and vice versa 
1. Interchange the place of subject and verb
2. Make negative by adding negation( not, no, no one, nobody , never, none etc.)if the given sentence is affirmative
3. Make affirmative by removing negation
4. Use punctuation mark at the end accordingly.

Do the following and check the answers.

1. Is this the way you should come dressed to  school ?
2. Does anything succeed like success ?
3. We are not going to submit to them so  easily.
4. Can anyone bear such an insult ?
5. None is greater than the country?
6. Who can forget his sacrifice ?
7. When will you learn to obey your teachers?
8. A wise man is honoured everywhere.
9. Is drinking not bad for health ?
10. Does anyone like to be called a fool ?
11. Money does not grow on trees.
12. Can there be success without hard work?
13. Joys and sorrows go together.
14. Why should we lament any loss ?
15. Do the brave not deserve honour?
16. Can there be smoke without fire ?
17. Was Rustom not a great warrior ?
18. Who has seen the wind ?
19.When will a wicked man prosper ?
20. Are books not our best friends ?
21. When can their glory fade?
22. How can I repay your kindness?

Key

1. This is not the way you should come dressed to school.
2. Nothing succeeds like success.
3.Are we going to submit to them easily?
4. No one can bear such an insult .
5.Who is greater than the country?
6.No one can forget his sacrifice.
7. You will never learn to obey your teachers
8. Where isn't a wise man honoured?
9. Drinking is bad for health.
10. No one likes to be called a fool.
11. Does money grow on tree?
12. There can not be success without hard work.
13. Do joys and sorrows not go (live) together?
14 .We should not lament any loss.
 16.There can be smoke without fire.
17.Rustom was a great warrior.
18. No one has seen the wind.
19. A wicked man will never prosper.
20. Books are our best friends.ll
21.Their glory can never fade.
22.I can not repay your kindness.
New Activity Based Learning Std 11 and 12

TRANSFORMATION: INTERROGATIVE AND ASSERTIVE

Turn into interrogative (verbal Question)

1] She does her work quietly.

Does she do her work quietly?

2] This is a fast- pace computer age.

Is this a fast- pace computer age?

3] You are ready.

Are you ready?

4] She has completed her work

Has she completed her work?

5] He can lift heavy thing.

Can he lift heavy thing?

6] It brings back thoughts of my childhood.

Does it bring back thoughts my childhood?

7] Children go to school not to be a fool.

Do children go to school not to be a fool?

8] The student understood the problem.
Did the students understand the problem?

9] The mother works hard day and night.

Does the mother work hard day and night?

10] I am not your friend.

Am I not your friend?

Key of Worksheet 2

Worksheet 2  Key

1. He finished at the dinner time.
2. The others had not all together caught as many fish as there were on the hook.
3. He will have become the fourth -largest manufacturer of personal computers in America
4. No other man ever to head Fortune 500 corporation was as young as  Michael Dell
5. Michael and his two brothers grew up in Houston, Texas and were imbued by their parents.
6. I wasn't a bad doctor, was I?
7. I was doubtful of myself.
8. In spite of having successive ideas of specializing in dermatology, in aural surgery, in pediatrics I discarded them all.
9. He was taken around with me.
10. No sooner did I see the prizes and read the citation Chaitanya had received than I was stupefied. 
11.  Wasn’t he a special child?
12. One day, King Amrut and Chandan had been taking a walk on the terrace of the palace.
13. They were able to see far into the distance.
14. He was delighted seeing the prosperity of his kingdom.
15. They could not ask for any more.
16. No sooner did he walk up to the king than whispered something in his ears.
17. Raghu asked Meenu if she liked the story.
18. I used to show him my finger.
19. Closing the cage I would put it near my pillow.
20.  When would he start to be restless?
21. No sooner did he become a fully grown up one than he began to go far and wide.
22. We spotted the bird in pairs almost every day.
23.  They cannot be seen.
24. It is not unachievable.
25. We are doing all this very efficiently and at a low cost
26. Parking will not only be difficult but also be expensive. 
27. People may use public transport rather than cars.
28. There are some glimmers of hope, aren’t there? 
29. Adverb clause of time
30.  A sunrise has never been seen by them.
31. How terrible she felt about this tendency!
32. His father would undoubtedly be left not only shaking his head but also burying himself deeper into his newspaper
33. Mr. Pawar says that they have promised that the funds they have given to initiate the process will be returned to them. 
34. ‘Can’  indicates polite request
35. It must keep for a while.
36. Reuben touched his worn cap with respect. 
37.  Running towards the sound he stopped at a construction site.
38. Dora has never received such a gift.
39. Nearly two lakh people attended a religious ceremony.
40. No sooner were we nearing the steps leading to a foot over bridge than people started       pushing from behind.
41. Was there anything she could do about it?
42. Mr. Pawar said that they had promised that the funds that they had given to initiate the process would be returned to them.
43. The school had an irregular calendar.
44. India's present epoch maker has come over here for blessing the state of Maharashtra.
45. Both India and Maharashtra cannot progress if there is not oneness of interest.
46. I had neither anxiety and nor high ambitions.
47. Though it was tough, it was intellectually satisfying.
48. The coconuts were brought down by him.
49. The book is about the transformation of India.
50. No one  can really conceive of a world without poverty. 

Preposition

Preposition is the most important part of English Language. It plays a crucial role in learning the language.

PREPOSITION : नामाच्या पुर्वी येणार्‍या व दुसर्‍या शब्दाशी त्या नामाचा संबंध व्यक्त करणार्‍या शब्दास Preposition म्ह्णतात.
(A preposition is a word placed before a noun to show its relation with other word.)
Examples:

in-आत
1. Mother is in the kitchen.
2. There are seven days in a week.
3. We live in Chandrapur district.
4. Mahatma Gandhi was born in 1869.
   into-च्या आत (वेगाने)
5. He jumped into the river.
   on-च्या वर(स्पर्श करुन) ,ला
6. A book is on a table.
7. We celebrate Christmas on 25 December.
8. He was absent on Monday.
   over-च्या वर (स्पर्श नसुन)
9. A fan is over our head.
   under-खाली
10. A cat is under a table.
    between-दोघांच्या मध्ये
11. B is between A and C.
    among अनेकाच्या मध्ये
12. The teacher is standing among the students.
    for साठी
13. I bought a doll for her.
of चा, ची, चे
14. This is a pen of Jayant.
    at-कडे, ला
15. We live at Korpana.
16. I get up at 5:30 A.M.
    beside च्या बाजुला
17. Sit beside me.
    with च्या सह
18. Come with me.
19. Cut with knife.
    by ने, च्या कडुन
20. Trees are cut with axe by people.
21. We travel by bus.
    to च्या कडे, ला
22. We go to school.
    up वरच्या दिशेने
23. The dog is looking up.
    down खालच्या दिशेने
24. They came down the hill.
    fromच्या पासुन
25. Chandrapur is 25 kms. far from Rajura.
    acrossच्या पलीकडे
26. They sail across the ocean.
    throughच्या मधुन
27. The thief entered through the window.
    behindच्या मागे
28. My house is behind the post-office.
    off च्या पासुन दुर
29. The students of our school ran off the road. 

EXERCISE

Fill in the blanks with preposition.

रिकाम्या जागेत Preposition भरतांना वाक्याचा अर्थ व Preposition चा अर्थ लक्षात घ्यावा.

1. Our prayer starts_____ 7:10 A.M (at, on)
2. The plane flew _____our village.(over, on)
3. We have holiday ____ Sunday.(on, at)
4. He was arrested ____ police.(by, from)
5. 2 is _____1 and 3.(in , between)
6. There are 30 days __a month.(on/ in)
7. We write ___a pen. (with, by)
8. He took a pencil___Jaya. (of, Off)
9. He went ___Mumbai.(to, on)
10. We buy things ____ shop.(in, from)

अधिक अभ्यासासाठी पाठातील preposition असणारी वाक्य शोधुन लिहावी. Preposition ने वेळ, ठीकाण, दिशा दर्शविल्या जाते.

Look at the following sentences and state what the underlined prepositions indicate.

1. India got freedom in 1947.
2. The train arrived at 10 O'clock.
3. The TajMahal was built in Agra.
4. Mahatma Gandhi was born at Porbandar in Gujrat.
5. India's Constitution was implemented on 26th of January 1950.
6. They set up a tent on hill.
7. They sailed across the ocean.
8. The bus moved along the road.
9. The boys threw stones at the frog.
10. Mother is in the kitchen.

Key 1. time 2. time 3. place 4. place, place 5.time 6. place 7. direction 8. direction 9. direction 10. place.

Use Of "TOO" And "Enough"

It was too wimpy to carry the semantic burden.

Structure = too + adjective + to + infinitive

The photo was clear enough to see every detail of the ground.

Structure = adjective + enough + infinitive

Situation	Sentences Using "Too" Or "Enough"	Sentences Using 'so - that'
1 Bad weather - go out for a picnic	The weather is too bad to go out for a picnic.	The weather is so bad that I can not go out.
2.Played well - win the match	We played well enough to win the match.	We played so well that we won the match.
3 Very clever - understand the scheme.	He is clever enough to understand the scheme.	He is so clever that he will understand the scheme.
4Sour apples - eat them.	The apples are too sour to eat.	The apples are so sour that we can not eat them.
5 old and - get job	She is too old and too weak to get a job.	She is so old and so weak that she will not get a job.
6 Strong battery - last for eight hours	The battery is strong enough to last for eight hours.	The battery is so strong that it will last for eight hours.
7 difficult problem - explain it	The problem is too difficult to explain.	The problem is so difficult that it can not be explained. Or that I can not explain it.
8 mature children - travel to school on their own.	The children are mature enough to travel on their own.	The children are so mature that they can travel on their own.
9 Adventurous Sujata - climb up the mountain	Sujata was adventurous enough to climb up the mountain.	Sujata was so adventurous that she could climb up the mountain.

Combine the following sentences with 'too' or 'enough' and 'so ---that'.

1. She was rich . She could buy a car.
2. The old man was very weak. He couldn't walk properly.
3. The mathematical problem was difficult. The students couldn't solve it.
4. Their house is large. It can accommodate their big family.
5. She is very emotional. She can't tolerate any rude behaviour.
6. The peak was very high. The mountaineers couldn't climb it.
7. The dog was very sensitive. It could trail the hiding place of the criminals.

Key for 'too' or 'enough'

1. She was rich enough to buy a car.
2. The old man was too weak to walk properly.
3. The mathematical problem was too difficult to solve.
4. Their house is large enough to accommodate their big family.
5. She is too emotional to tolerate any rude behaviour.
6. The peak was too high for the mountaineers to climb.
7. The dog was sensitive enough to trail the hiding place of the criminals.

Key for 'so---that'

1. She was so rich that she could buy a car.
2. The old man was so weak that he couldn't walk properly.
3. The mathematical problem was so difficult  that the students couldn't solve it.
4. Their house is so large that it can accommodate their big family.
5. She is so emotional that she can't tolerate any rude behavior.
6. The peak was so high that the mountaineers couldn't climb it.
7. The dog was so sensitive  that it could trail the hiding place of the criminals.

Let's Learn :How to use tenses?

काळ उपयोग व रचना

Simple Present Tense

सहज सवयीने व नेहमी घडणारी क्रिया वैश्विक सत्य व्यक्त करण्यासाठी हा काळ वापरतात( Simple Present Tense is used to indicate frequent occurring , present habitual action, universal truth and truth forever)

1. We go to college to get knowledge.
2. I watch a T. V. serial everyday.
3. Sneha reads this blog regularly.
4. The earth revolves around the sun.
5. The sun sets in the west.

Structure: sub+v1+obj/Complement

1. I type a letter.
2. We type letters.
3. You type a letter.
4. You type letters.
5. He types a letter.
6. She types a letter.
7. They type letters.
8. It saves typed letters.
9. Manoj types a letter.
10. People type letters.

Present Continuous Tense

वर्तमान स्थितीत चालु असणारी क्रिया व्यक्त करण्यासाठी हा काळ वापरतात(Present Continuous Tense is used to indicate the action which began some time ago , is going on and will continue for some more time.)
Structure: sub+am/is/are+v-ing+obj/Complement

1. I am typing an e-mail now.
2. We are creating a message at present.
3. They are going to Nagpur.
4. They are searching a treasure.
5. He is copying the notes.
6. She is making cake.
7. It is raining heavily.
8. Manisha is running a race.

Present Perfect Tense

नुकतीच पुर्ण झालेली क्रिया व्यक्त करण्यासाठी तसेच भुतकाळात घड्लेल्य घट्नेचा परिणाम वर्तंमानस्थीतीत कायम रहात असल्यास हा काळ वापरतात(Present Perfect Tense is used to indicate the just occurred action and the one which occurred in the past but its effect continues to the present time.) Structure: sub+have/has+v3+obj/Complement
1. I have drawn a circle just now
2. She has completed her homework right now.
3. We have passed S.S.C.
4. Kapil Dev has played Cricket for 15 years.
5. How long have you known him?
6. The workers have completed their work in time.
7. Rajesh has won the best outgoing student award.

Present Perfect Continuous Tense

वर्तमान काळात दिर्घकाळ चालु असलेली क्रीया व्यक्त करण्यासाठी हा काळ वापरतात Structure: sub+have/has+ been +v-ing+obj
1. I have been learning English for 6 years.
2. I have been living in Gadchandur since 1994.
3. We have been making kites for 8 hours.
4. He has been working as a clerk.
5. It has been grazing since morning.
6. They have been ploughing the land for two days.
7. Ramesh Patil has been teaching grammar for 24 years at Mahatma Gandhi Vidyalaya.
8. She has been traveling through Europe since February.
9. He has been working with our company for the last five years.
10. Mrs. Smita Chitade has been teaching Maths in Mahatma Gandhi Jr. College since 1989.

Simple Past Tense

घडून गेलेली क्रिया व्यक्त करण्यासाठि हा काळ वापरतात.
1. Shahajahan built the Tajmahal in memory of Mumtaj.
2. Columbus discovered America.
3. India got freedom in 1947.
4. Valmiki wrote the Ramayan.
5. She went to Kolkata yesterday.
Structure: Sub + V2 + Obj / complement.
1. I took decision.
   
2. We played cricket.



3. You came late.



4. He saw a tiger.



5. She understood her mother very well.



6. It was found.(Passive Voice)



7. They read a story.



8. Mayank ate oranges.



9. SMS was sent by him.(Passive Voice) Struc: obj+to be+v3+by+sub.



10. He did not complete his assignments.(Negative)Stru: sub+H.V. +not+ v1 + obj.



11. Why did she deny that proposal? (Interrogative)Stru:Wh-word+H.V. +sub+v1+obj?





Past Continuous Tense

भुतकाळात एका विशीष्ट वेळी चालु असलेली क्रिया व्यक्त करण्यासाठी हा काळ वापरतात I was reading a newspaper when the phone rang. चालु असलेली क्रिया reading विशीष्ट वेळ phone rang. वरिल वाक्यात simple past आणि past continuous चे combination वापरलेले आहे. She was reading the Ramayan in the morning. Structure: Sub +was/were+ V-ing + Obj / complement.
1. I was playing Kho-Kho.
2. We were watching T.V. serial.
3. You were crossing the road.
4. He was swimming in the river.
5. She was making chapatis in the kitchen.
6. They were crossing the flooded water.
7. A car was being driven by him.(Passive voice)
8. A prisoner was being taken away.(Passive voice)

Past Perfect Tense

भुतकाळात घडलेल्या दोन घटनांपैकि जी घटना प्रथम घड्लेलि असते ती Past Perfect Tense मध्ये लिहीतात व नंतर घडलेली घटना Simple Past Tense मध्ये लिहीतात . Mother had finished cooking when father entered the kitchen.प्रथम घड्लेलि क्रिया had finished cooking नंतर घडलेली घटना father entered the kitchen Structure: Sub +had + V3 + obj/Compl.
1. I had swept the room.
2. He had played chess.
3. She had learned a lesson.
4. They had been praised by the governor. (Passive Voice)
5. Trees had been cut. (Passive Voice)

Simple Future Tense

भविष्यात क्रिया घडेल असा भाव व्यक्त करण्यासाठी हा काळ वापरतात.
9. I will pass H.S.S.C next year.
10. They will go to Mumbai by next train.
Structure: Sub + shall/will + V1 + obj/Compl.
1. We shall learn computer operating.
2. He will win the Chess Championship.
3. She will go to Nagpur tomorrow.
4. They will arrive here by next plane.
5. You will get success if you work hard. A story will be written by him. (Passive voice)

Future Continuous Tense

भविष्यात एखादि क्रिया चालु असेल अशी कल्पना व्यक्त करण्यासाठी हा काळ वापरतात.
11. We will be learning sums in the school tomorrow.
12. She will be drawing rangoli in the morning.
Structure: Sub + shall/will +be+ V-ing + obj/Compl.
1. I shall be drawing a big circle.
2. We shall be painting a wall.
3. He will be ploughing a field.
4. She will be rolling out chapatis.
5. They will be singing songs.

Future Perfect Tense.

भविष्यात एका विशिष्ट वेळी एखादी क्रिया पुर्ण झालेली असेल असा भाव व्यक्त करण्यासाठी हा काळ वापरतात.
13. India will have become superpower by the year 2020.
14. She will have reached Kolhapur by this time tomorrow.
Structure: Sub + shall/will +have+ V3 + obj/Compl.
15. Ramesh will have passed S.S.C. by June 2018.
16. Ramesh will have passed H.S.S.C. by June 2020.
17. You will have got a degree by the year 2021.
18. You will have secured a job by the year 2023.
19. Our Headmaster will have retired by July 2022.
20. Sharad Jogi will have become Headmaster by the year 2022.

Observe the use of Simple Future Tense and Future Perfect Tense

1. I will have finished my belongings when the taxi will arrive.
2. John will have read Steve Job's biography before the film on it will release.
3. Students will have completed the assignment by the time term will end.
4. By the time the course will conclude students will have learned almost everything about English.

Observe the use of Simple Past Tense and Past Perfect Tense

Yesterday, after my friend had left, I started writing a letter. I had written only one sentence when I heard the postman calling me. He brought me a parcel. It was a book, which I had ordered from a shop in Mumbai. The postman asked me to sign a receipt and when I had signed it, he gave me the book and left. Then I sat down to read the book. It was so interesting that I read it very quickly. When my friend returned that evening, I had finished reading the book. He had read the book the previous week, and we sat and talked till midnight, after we had eaten dinner.
1. I was late. The meeting had started an hour ago.
2. They did not come, even though we had sent them a special invitation.
3. It was a good story, but I had heard it before.
4. As soon as we had finished work, we went home.